Wednesday, July 31, 2013

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Law firms linked to convicted PIs

By Anonymous on Jul 31, 2013 03:32 am

Telephone keypadThe clients have been identified by type of business but have not been named

Twenty-two law firms commissioned work from four private investigators convicted of illegally obtaining private information, MPs have said.

The Home Affairs Select Committee has published a list of the types of businesses identified as clients of the investigators.

The investigators were given jail sentences last year.

The Serious and Organised Crime Agency (Soca) has been accused of failing to take legal action against the clients.

Private data

The list summarises clients identified by Operation Millipede, the inquiry into the activities of four private investigators.

They specialised in illegally obtaining information from holders of private data such as banks, utility companies and HM Revenue and Customs.

The MPs wanted Soca to name the clients but the agency refused, marking the the list as confidential.

As a result the list published by the committee is a breakdown of the clients by business sector.

Law firms made up the largest proportion, and there were eight financial service companies.

The list suggested that private investigators often subcontract work to each other - 16 clients were other private investigation agencies.

Committee chairman Keith Vaz said: "The committee remains concerned that it holds a list that Soca has classified as secret, even though it is evidence given as part of our inquiry."

But the Labour MP added: "This is an important step forward in establishing the facts."

Computers seized

Operation Millipede led to the convictions of Philip Campbell-Smith and Graham Freeman who ran an agency called Brookmans International, and retired Metropolitan Police detective Adam Spears who worked alone.

A fourth defendant, Daniel Summers, was subcontracted by the others to carry out the so-called blagging of private information.

Soca seized computers during raids on the private investigators in 2009.

Evidence from these machines is now being used in another police investigation, Operation Tuleta, which is examining the illegal accessing of private information by the journalist and companies.

Soca has refused to name the clients in the Millipede case because it said that could disrupt the ongoing Tuleta inquiry.

The Metropolitan Police said it would not support the naming of suspects in such circumstances.

Soca also maintained there was no proof the clients acted illegally.

BBC home affairs correspondent Tom Symonds said proving that the clients commissioned work knowing it would breach the data protection act - the most likely charge they might face - could be difficult.

One of the clients, a solicitor, told the BBC she hired Brookmans International to track down a fraudster but insisted she did not break the law.

She said she put in writing her request to the private detectives that they do not do anything illegal.

Vital work

Much of the work of private investigators involves finding out where fraudsters have hidden stolen money or tracking down people who owe money so that civil litigation can begin.

Another law firm which uses private investigators said such work was vital because often police will not go after fraudsters.

The client list published by the committee does not appear to contain any media companies.

Our correspondent said critics of Soca argued it had failed to act on the corporate use of private investigators, while journalists who allegedly obtained private information by the breaking the law were subjected to several major police investigations.

The Millipede case is not one of the five detailed in a widely leaked report compiled by Soca in 2008 which warned of the risk of rogue private investigators.

The report was an analysis of cases that all reached their conclusion before it was written.

Meanwhile, Home Secretary Theresa May is shortly expected to announce proposals that will require private detectives to have a licence to operate, barring anyone found guilty of hacking or blagging - obtaining information by using a false identity.

The Met Police said it supported the "strong regulation of the private investigation industry and a system that allows for a client to perform due diligence checks on the individual or company they wish to hire".


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Assange condemns Manning verdicts

By Anonymous on Jul 31, 2013 12:34 am

Julian Assange

Please turn on JavaScript. Media requires JavaScript to play.

Julian Assange: "He is the quintessential whistleblower"

Julian Assange, founder of the anti-secrecy organisation Wikileaks, has said the conviction of US Army Private Bradley Manning on spying charges is a "dangerous precedent".

Pte Manning, 25, had admitted leaking thousands of classified documents to Wikileaks but said he did so to spark a debate on US foreign policy.

The leak is considered the largest ever of secret US government files.

He faces a maximum sentence of up to 136 years.

Pte Manning was convicted on Tuesday of 20 charges in total, including theft and computer fraud but was found not guilty on the most serious charge of aiding the enemy.

In addition to multiple espionage counts, he was also found guilty of five theft charges, two computer fraud charges and multiple military infractions.

His sentencing hearing is set to begin on Wednesday. It may be a lengthy process, as both the defence and the prosecution are allowed to call witnesses.

Many will hope the court does make an example of Pte Manning to discourage others from making secrets public, the BBC's North America Editor Mark Mardell reports from Washington.

The significance of the verdicts

The judge's ruling avoids the establishment of a precedent that could have applied to ongoing leak cases, including the Edward Snowden saga.

The gist of the prosecution's argument in the Manning case is that in today's interconnected world, any leak of classified information will end up on the Internet and available to America's enemies.

Such a finding could have had a chilling effect on the ability of journalists to report on the activities of government and the willingness of officials to be candid in describing the complex decisions and tradeoffs that governments confront every day.

Finding the right balance among security, secrecy, transparency and privacy remains a work in progress.

PJ Crowley, former assistant secretary of state in the Obama administration

Mr Assange said the verdicts represented "dangerous national security extremism".

Speaking from the Ecuadorean embassy in London, Mr Assange said: "This has never been a fair trial.

"Bradley Manning isn't guilty of anything in that he's actually very heroic for demanding government transparency and accountability and exposing the American people and the rest of the world to the crimes committed by the American government," he said.

Mr Assange said the only victim in the case had been the US government's "wounded pride".

He said that there were two appeals within the US justice system as well as the Supreme Court. "WikiLeaks will not rest until he is free," Mr Assange said.

Graphic footage

Pte Manning appeared not to react as Judge Colonel Denise Lind read out the verdict on Tuesday, but his defence lawyer, David Coombs, smiled faintly as the not guilty charge on aiding the enemy was read.

"We won the battle, now we need to go win the war," Mr Coombs said of the sentencing phase. "Today is a good day, but Bradley is by no means out of the fire."

The verdicts

Private Bradley Manning leaves court

Guilty: Seven out of eight espionage charges, five theft charges, two computer fraud charges, five military counts of violating a lawful general regulation, one of wanton publication of intelligence on the internet

Not guilty: Aiding the enemy, unauthorised possession of information relating to national defence

During the court martial, prosecutors said Pte Manning systematically harvested hundreds of thousands of classified documents in order to gain notoriety.

With his training as an intelligence analyst, Pte Manning should have known the leaked documents would become available to al-Qaeda operatives, they argued.

The defence characterised him as a naive and young soldier who had become disillusioned during his time in Iraq.

His actions, Mr Coombs argued, were those of a whistle-blower.

In a lengthy statement during a pre-trial hearing in February, Pte Manning said he had leaked the files in order to spark a public debate about US foreign policy and the military.

Much of the court martial was spent considering the soldier's intentions as he leaked the documents.

Amnesty International said in a statement the "the government's pursuit of the 'aiding the enemy' charge was a serious overreach of the law, not least because there was no credible evidence of Manning's intent to harm the USA by releasing classified information to WikiLeaks."

But the Democratic and Republican leaders of the US House of Representatives intelligence committee said "justice has been served", in a joint statement after the ruling.

Among the items sent to Wikileaks by Pte Manning was graphic footage of an Apache helicopter attack in 2007 that killed a dozen people in the Iraqi capital Baghdad, including a Reuters photographer.

The documents also included 470,000 Iraq and Afghanistan battlefield reports and 250,000 secure state department cables between Washington and embassies around the world.

Pte Manning, an intelligence analyst, was arrested in Iraq in May 2010. He spent weeks in a cell at Camp Arifjan, a US Army installation in Kuwait, before being transferred to the US.


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Sex offence suspects' DNA 'deleted'

By Anonymous on Jul 30, 2013 07:00 pm

DNA profiles being analysed by a researcherPolice will be required to delete most of the DNA profiles of people who have not been charged

Thousands of DNA profiles of suspected sex offenders are being deleted from the national database because of Home Office incompetence, Labour claims.

A ban on police in England and Wales holding indefinitely the DNA of people not charged takes effect in October.

The Home Office has ordered forces to delete such records ahead of the change, even though an appeals system is not in place, Labour says.

These records include DNA of 18,000 people held but not charged with rape.

However, the government said it is "restoring common sense to the system".

A Home Office spokesperson said: "In the past, DNA was kept from innocent people, but not taken from prisoners. We are taking samples from the guilty and getting rid of them when people have done nothing wrong."

Biometrics commissioner

Although police will be required to delete most profiles from people who are not charged under the new law, chiefs will be able to ask the biometrics commissioner for permission to hold a sample for three years where the individual is suspected of a serious offence, such as rape, and officers have grounds to do so.

The changes to the National DNA Database came in 2012's Protection of Freedoms Bill, following a major defeat for the police at the European Court of Human Rights.

That 2008 judgement said England and Wales should mirror the Scottish system under which DNA profiles taken from people who are never charged with an offence should be destroyed.

Previous to this judgement, Police in England and Wales could previously hold profiles indefinitely.

KEY LIMITS ON RETAINING DNA PROFILES

  • Adult offender: Indefinite
  • Under-18 serious offender: Indefinite
  • Under-18 minor offence: Five years
  • Arrested and charged with serious offence: Three to five years
  • Arrested on serious charge but released: Three years on appeal to commissioner; indefinite if previously convicted

The process is designed to allow detectives to hold on to the records of individuals they strongly suspect of serious offences which can be difficult to bring to court, such as rape.

But that appeal process is not yet in place - and Labour says forces are following a Home Office order to delete records in preparation for the legal changeover.

Shadow Home Secretary Yvette Cooper said the Home Office was guilty of "shocking incompetence" .

Ms Cooper said: "It is appalling that DNA evidence from thousands of rape suspects is now being destroyed contrary to the promises made by the prime minister and home secretary.

"The prime minister assured Parliament that if someone was arrested but not charged with rape, the police would be able to ask to retain the DNA of the suspect. Yet because of Theresa May's incompetence the police are powerless to retain it."

As of May, 1.1 million DNA profiles had been destroyed under the programme to remove innocent people from the database.

The biometrics commissioner, Alastair MacGregor QC, recently said police could hypothetically ask him for permission to retain 60,000 DNA records a year relating to serious crimes, each of which could involve a legal battle.

It is not clear whether all forces are completely following the order or whether some are trying to hold on to profiles ahead of a later appeal.

A Home Office spokesperson added: "Forces will be able to retain DNA from someone arrested and not charged for up to three years, but only with permission from the Biometrics Commissioner. And all DNA samples taken by police are checked against the national database before deletion."


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Profits rise at British Gas owner

By Anonymous on Jul 31, 2013 03:30 am

British Gas logo above hob flame

British Gas owner Centrica has reported a rise in half-year profits, after the unusually cold winter boosted gas consumption.

Centrica's adjusted operating profit rose 9% to £1.58bn for the period ended 30 June 2013, up from £1.45bn for the same period in 2012.

British Gas' residential arm saw profits rise 3% to £356m, up from £345m a year earlier.

British Gas raised its energy prices by 6% in November 2012.


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Third 'SAS' training soldier dies

By Anonymous on Jul 31, 2013 02:17 am

Edward Maher and Craig RobertsArmy reservists Edward Maher, 31, and Craig Roberts, 24, died on 13 July

A third Army reservist has died after taking part in an SAS selection training exercise in the Brecon Beacons earlier this month.

Edward Maher, 31, and Craig Roberts, 24, died after temperatures reached 29.5C during the training regime on 13 July.

The Ministry of Defence (MoD) said on Tuesday a third reservist has died.

Defence Secretary Philip Hammond has announced a full inquiry into what happened.

In a statement on Tuesday, the MoD said: "It is with great sadness that we can confirm that a third army reserve soldier injured during a training exercise in the Brecon Beacons has died of his injuries.

"The family have asked for a period of grace before he is named and request that this is respected by the media."

The soldiers had taken part in a four-week trial for the Territorial Army's SAS reservists ending in a 40-mile (64km) hike over the Brecon Beacons.

An inquest in Brecon, which opened and adjourned last week, heard the cause of Mr Roberts' and Mr Maher's deaths remains "unascertained".

L/Cpl Roberts, 24, of Penrhyn Bay, Conwy, had served with the Territorial Army for around five years and is understood to have served in Afghanistan and Iraq.

The soldiers were among six men rescued from a mountain during the hike.


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Stafford Hospital's future revealed

By Anonymous on Jul 31, 2013 12:06 am

Stafford Hospital in February 2013A public inquiry was triggered at Stafford Hospital after a higher than expected number of deaths at the trust

A report by administrators running the scandal-hit Stafford Hospital into the future of services there will be published later.

The Mid Staffordshire NHS Trust went into administration on 16 April after a report concluded it was not "clinically or financially sustainable".

A public inquiry, led by Robert Francis QC, was triggered by a higher than expected number of deaths at the trust.

The Trust Special Administrators' (TSA) report will be published at 14:00 BST.

The administrators were initially given 45 days to design new patient services, but health regulator Monitor granted them an extra 30 days.

The consultation on the draft report will start on 6 August and end on 1 October.

'Fragile offering'

Conservative-controlled Staffordshire County Council, which took on the public health remit in April, said a single trust should be created to provide health and social care for Staffordshire.

Campaigners demonstrating in Stafford in April to keep major health services at the hospitalCampaigners demonstrated in April to keep major health services at the hospital

Council leader Philip Atkins said: "Instead of looking to break up an already fragile offering we need to look at creating a stronger, single Staffordshire NHS Trust offering integrated health and social care as a basis for a sustainable NHS."

The Mid Staffordshire trust, which also runs Cannock Chase Hospital, was the first NHS foundation trust to be put into administration.

Mr Francis's inquiry, into one of the biggest scandals in the history of the NHS, looked at why the problems at Stafford Hospital, where hundreds of needless deaths were caused by abuse and neglect in 2005-08, was not picked up earlier.

The report concluded patients had been "betrayed" because the NHS put corporate self-interest ahead of patients.

It argued for "fundamental change" in the culture of the NHS to make sure patients were put first.

"Practically ignored by nurses"

Find out more about the victims of the Stafford Hospital scandal

The inquiry ran for a year between 2010 and 2011, and took evidence from more than 160 witnesses over 139 days, at a cost of £13m.

The findings of the Francis Report prompted a separate review of 14 NHS hospitals in England with high mortality rates.

As a result of that review, 11 of the hospitals were placed in "special measures" for "fundamental breaches of care".

On Thursday 25 July, two Stafford Hospital nurses who falsified A&E discharge times were struck off the nursing register.

The Nursing and Midwifery Council panel found that Tracey-Ann White and Sharon Turner had brought their profession into serious disrepute.

On Tuesday 23 July, it was announced the director of nursing at the hospital, Colin Ovington, was to leave and become the new chief nurse of Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust.

He was recruited in 2010 to help improve the quality of care at the Mid Staffordshire trust.

Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, which runs Sandwell Hospital and City Hospital in Birmingham, has said Mr Ovington was expecting to take up his new post later this year.


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Tuesday, July 30, 2013

Posts from BBC News - Home for 07/30/2013

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Barclays to issue £5.8bn new shares

By Anonymous on Jul 30, 2013 03:40 am

Breaking news

Barclays will issue £5.8bn in new shares as part of a move to plug a capital shortfall created by new regulatory demands.

This is more than analysts had been expecting.


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UK 'losing fight' against e-crime

By Anonymous on Jul 30, 2013 03:49 am

laptop userMPs say the threats are varied and complex

The UK must do more to stop online fraud and deter state-sponsored cyber-espionage or risk losing the fight against e-crime, MPs have warned.

The Home Affairs Select Committee said much low-level internet-based financial crime was falling into a "black hole" and was not reported to the police.

More officers should be trained in digital crime detection and e-crime specialists protected from cuts.

The Home Office said the authorities must "keep pace" with criminals.

Publishing its first ever report on the subject, the cross-party committee said e-crime took various shapes and forms, did not recognise national borders and could be committed "at almost any time or in any place".

Offences range from attacks on computer networks and the use of viruses to steal data to the use of cyberspace to facilitate traditional crimes such as forgery, sabotage, drug smuggling and people trafficking.

'Off the hook'

The committee said it was worried by the evidence it had heard during its inquiry about the UK's e-crime fighting capability.

It said it had been told by Adrian Leppard, deputy assistant commissioner at the City of London Police, that up to a quarter of the UK's 800 specialist internet crime officers could be lost due to budget cuts.

This was despite evidence that the UK is a prime target for many of the 1,300 criminal gangs specialising in fraud.

A quarter of the gangs, many of which are based in eastern Europe and Russia, use the internet as their principal means of deception.

This, MPs said, came on top of proposed 10% cuts to the budget of the Child Exploitation and Online Protection Centre (CEOP).

"At a time when fraud and e-crime is going up, the capability of the country to address it is going down," the report concluded.

"Ministers have acknowledged the increasing threat of e-crime but it is clear that sufficient funding and resources have not been allocated to the law enforcement responsible for tackling it."

The committee has called for a dedicated cyber-espionage team to lead the response to reports of attacks, many of which due to their sophistication are believed to be backed by foreign governments.

Its other recommendations include:

  • Requiring banks to report all e-fraud, however small, to the police
  • Obliging web firms to explain data security tools to new users
  • Prosecutors to review sentencing guidance for e-crimes
  • Increased funding for European e-crime co-operation
  • Mandatory code of conduct for removal of indecent material
  • New body to report on and remove online terrorist content

Keith Vaz, the Labour MP who chairs the committee, said the UK's response to e-crime was too "fractured".

"We are not winning the war on online criminal activity," he said.

"We are being too complacent about these e-wars because the victims are hidden in cyberspace."

He added: "You can steal more on the internet than you can by robbing a bank... If we don't have a 21st Century response to this 21st Century crime, we will be letting those involved in these gangs off the hook."

'Relentless cuts'

The UK's eavesdropping centre GCHQ suggested earlier this year that 80% of cyber-attacks could be prevented by better management of information online.

Responding to Tuesday's report, the Police Federation of England and Wales said it was further evidence that recent figures showing a 10% fall in recorded crime last year were "misleading".

"Crime is clearly changing, not falling at the rate the figures suggest, and an unknown but extremely high number of offences are going unreported," said Steve Williams, the organisation's chairman.

"It is extremely concerning that relentless cuts to policing are continuing at a time when there is a burgeoning cybercrime industry."

The government announced increased funding for cybersecurity in 2010, while a single National Cyber Crime Unit will be formed later this year as part of the new National Crime Agency.

"Crime is at record low levels and this government is taking action to tackle the cyber-threat, investing more than £850 million through the national cybersecurity programme to develop and maintain cutting-edge capabilities," a Home Office spokesman said.

"The National Crime Agency will include a new elite National Cyber Crime unit to target the most serious offenders and provide enhanced intelligence for CEOP so they can protect even more children from harm.

"But we know we need to keep pace with criminals as they target the web and so we continue to consider ways to ensure the police and security services have access to communications data."


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Ashton meets ousted Egypt president

By Anonymous on Jul 30, 2013 03:07 am

Breaking news

The European Union's foreign policy chief has met Egypt's ousted President, Mohammed Morsi, her spokeswoman says.

Maja Kocijancic said that Catherine Ashton had visited Mr Morsi on Monday evening and held two hours of "in-depth" discussions.

She did not say where the meeting took place, but Mr Morsi has been detained since he was overthrown by the military on 3 July after days of mass protests.

Ms Ashton also met members of Egypt's new interim government on Monday.


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Mid-East peace talks resume in US

By Anonymous on Jul 29, 2013 10:20 pm

Breaking news

Israeli and Palestinian negotiators will resume peace talks in Washington on Monday, the US State Department has announced.

The talks, stalled since 2010, follow months of shuttle diplomacy by US Secretary of State John Kerry.

The statement was released hours after the Israeli cabinet approved the release of more than 100 Palestinian prisoners.

The release is to take place in stages over several months.


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Housing benefit cuts ruling awaited

By Anonymous on Jul 29, 2013 08:50 pm

HousesThe changes to housing benefits regulations came into force in April

The High Court is to rule on whether cuts to housing benefit for social housing residents with spare bedrooms discriminates against the disabled.

Lawyers for 10 families brought a judicial review over the lower payments for people in homes deemed too large.

They say the change - called a bedroom tax by critics - breaches their clients' human rights because they need the extra space for health reasons.

Ministers say it helps control welfare costs and frees up social housing.

About 660,000 working-age social housing households judged to have too many bedrooms have lost an average of £14 per week since their benefit was cut at the beginning of April.

The families, all disabled or the parents of disabled children, challenged the changes during a three-day hearing in May.

The claimants are represented by three law firms and are from various places including London, Stoke-on-Trent, Manchester and Birmingham.

Their lawyers argued the benefit cut violated the Human Rights Act and Equality Act.

Who are the claimants?

There are 10 claimants represented by three law firms. They are from various places including London, Stoke-on-Trent, Manchester and Birmingham. Here are the arguments of four of them:

Case one

Lawyers for one London family say they live in a damp, one-bedroom flat infested with mice. One son has autism, the other has Down's Syndrome.

The child with autism sleeps in the bedroom while his mother, father and brother sleep on the floor in the living room.

Due to the changes, they say they cannot afford to move to the larger property authorities say they need.

Case two

Jacqueline Carmichael has spina bifida and sleeps in a hospital bed which, she argues, her husband and full-time carer cannot share.

He sleeps in their spare room as there is not enough space in hers for a second bed.

Case three

In 2011, six-year-old Isaac was assaulted by the then partner of his mother, leaving him traumatised. He and his mother were made homeless and assessed as needing three bedrooms because, solicitors say, of Isaac's behavioural and mental issues.

His mother lost £15.52 a week on 1 April when the council judged they were under-occupying.

Case four

A wheelchair user living in a three-bedroom bungalow shared with his stepdaughter who has a rare form of muscular dystrophy says he needs a third bedroom to store equipment including a hoist for lifting him.

He contends there are no suitable two bedroom homes in the social sector.

Ugo Hayter from Leigh Day, which is representing two of the claimants said the legislation was "unfair" and had "disproportionate negative consequences on disabled people and is therefore discriminatory".

The lawyers also said the £25m the government has made available to councils to make discretionary payments to help disabled people affected by the benefit cuts is insufficient.

There has been fierce political argument about the new housing benefit rules, which supporters of the change say withdraws a "spare room subsidy".

The government says the benefit changes were intended to reduce a £21bn annual housing benefit bill and encourage greater mobility in the social rented sector.

The Department of Work and Pensions said it was confident the measures were lawful and do not discriminate against disabled claimants or those with shared care of children.

At the time of the High Court case, a DWP spokesman said it was "only right" to bring back fairness to the system and pointed out there were "two million households on the social housing waiting list and over a quarter of a million tenants... living in overcrowded homes".

The DWP added that an extra £150m in total has been made available to councils' funding for vulnerable claimants.

However, the National Housing Federation said earlier this month that the consequences of the change were worse than feared,

Rent arrears have soared in some areas while larger houses are lying empty as people refuse to move into them, it claimed.


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'Nearly 100 war crimes suspects' in UK

By Anonymous on Jul 30, 2013 02:47 am

A foreign passport is stamped with the coveted "Given Indefinite leave to enter the United Kingdom" permit Ninety-nine war crimes suspects identified have applied for British citizenship, asylum or leave to remain

The Home Office last year identified nearly 100 suspected war criminals who had asked for UK citizenship, figures released to the BBC suggest.

The majority of cases involved people already likely to have been living in Britain for a number of years.

Suspects originated from countries including Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Libya, Rwanda, Serbia and Sri Lanka.

The Home Office says it is determined the UK doesn't become a "refuge for war criminals".

Human rights groups are calling for more criminal prosecutions in Britain as the courts commonly block deportation on human rights grounds if suspects face torture or death in their home country.

The figures emerged from a Freedom of Information request made by the BBC.

They show that, in the 15 months from January 2012, the Home Office researched nearly 800 cases where individuals were suspected of war crimes and crimes against humanity.

It made "adverse recommendations" against 99 people who had applied for British citizenship, asylum or leave to remain in the UK. A further 16 war crimes suspects had applied to enter the UK.

It follows earlier figures suggesting more than 700 suspected war criminals were identified by UK immigration officials between 2005 and 2012.

'Basket case'

Michael McCann MP, chairman of a cross-party parliamentary group to prevent genocide, says the figures reveal the need for greater transparency from the government in cases where war crimes suspects are in the UK.

Immigration officers pictured wearing brand new uniforms at Gatwick Airport's border controlIt is suggested that hundreds of war criminals have been identified by UK immigration officials since 2005

"The organisation in the Home Office that used to deal with this - the UKBA (UK Border Agency) - was a basket case. It had failed on so many different levels I've lost count," he said.

"I have deep concerns that the Home Office isn't being as forthright as it could be and I think we should be drilling down into these cases in order to give the public of our country that security."

Of the 99 suspects, three were deported last year, 20 were refused asylum and 46 had their citizenship bids turned down but are likely to have remained in the UK. The fate of the remaining suspects is unknown.

In May 2013, five Rwandan men were arrested in Britain suspected of involvement in the 1994 genocide that led to the deaths of an estimated 800,000 people.

Some of them have been in Britain for more than a decade, with one having worked in a care home in Essex.

Three are still in custody and two have been released on bail. The men deny any involvement in the Rwandan genocide.

In 2009, an extradition attempt against four of the men failed after High Court judges ruled there was "a real risk" they would not get a fair trial in Rwanda.

Human rights campaigners say the case demonstrates the challenges faced in dealing with international war crimes suspects in Britain, pointing to a lack of successful criminal convictions.

"The police need more resources to investigate these crimes because it's difficult to investigate them," says Kevin Laue, a legal adviser with Redress, a charity which campaigns to prevent genocide.

"That, in turn, requires more political will and commitment at the higher level for them to be given the resources to properly investigate."

The Metropolitan Police says 56 people in the UK are currently subject to war crimes inquiries, although only nine cases were passed on to them by the Home Office.

Mr McCann says the "disparity" between the Home Office and police figures raises a question over whether immigration officials are wrongly identifying people as war crimes suspects.

A Home Office spokesman said: "Anyone accused of these crimes should be put on trial in their home country and we will always seek to return them to face justice."


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